Definitely use the or a

Unquestionably utilize the or a Certainly utilize the or a Unquestionably utilize the or a By Michael When to utilize the inconclusive article an and when to utilize the distinct article the relies for the most part upon how explicit you need to be. During a wedding service the husband to be would state, Give me the ring! The wedding band! since he should have a specific ring, while a craftsman would state, Hand me a nail since he doesnt care which nail in the crate he employments. Generally the more serious issue isn't whether to utilize an unequivocal or inconclusive article, yet whether to utilize an article by any means. Such a large number of decisions! When do you utilize a? When do you utilize an? When do you utilize the? Be that as it may, unwind. Well guide the way. We previously discussed when to utilize a when to utilize an in the article Give me An: a versus a, however well give you a couple of more models here. A: you utilize this when youre not really alluding to a particular thing, (for example, a nail, any nail). Its called an inconclusive article, on the grounds that youre not being distinct or specific. There are numerous nails in this enormous world. She possesses a feline. I chip away at a fairway. An: its utilized simply like a, yet while going before a vowel sound. It likely originates from Old German, on which Old English was based. My hypothesis is that the utilization of a gets by after every one of these hundreds of years since it sounds better before vowels. Saying, I need an apple sounds odd, contrasted with, I need an apple. For a similar explanation, the phony French sentence, Anne, on en an un, sounds much increasingly odd. May I acquire an egg? He is a haughty pundit. The: youre discussing an unmistakable thing, which is the reason the is known as a distinct article. Obviously it possibly bodes well if both you and your audience members know which thing you mean. On the off chance that I told you, Give me the cash, you would legitimately ask, What cash? I dont owe you any cash. The house on that corner once had a place with Charles Dickens. The climate is exceptionally lovely today. You can utilize the second time you allude to something, regardless of whether you utilized a the first run through. We comprehend what youre alluding to, on the grounds that you just let us know. You can do this, yet I wouldnt suggest it. Peruse these models rehashing the thing may sound tedious. We visited a castle on our excursion. The castle was worked in 1546. We additionally went to a show. The show was unreasonably noisy for me. With regards to topography, you dont utilize the before the names of most countries, regions, states,lakes or islands. In any case, there are numerous special cases: the United States, the Ukraine, or the Congo. Then again, the Ukrainians and Congolese individuals Ive met state, Ukraine and Congo, so go figure. On the off chance that the name alludes to plural things, for example, the United States, or the Maldives, you would utilize the unequivocal article. You would do likewise for waterways and seas, for example, the Amazon, the Nile, and the Caspian Sea. Straights need the distinct article. He moved to Nepal close to Mount Everest. They spent their wedding trip in eastern Maine, on Penobscot Bay. Not at all like a few dialects, for example, French and Spanish, English some of the time doesn't utilize any article whatsoever. You dont need one when offering a general expression, or when discussing dinners and transportation. I lean toward society music. She detests making noodles. She has breakfast at home. She ventured out to school via train. English authors dont utilize an article for certain spots that Americans would. English: I go to college. American: I set off for college. American: I transfered to the college a year ago. English: I felt so sick that I went to medical clinic. American: I became so ill I needed to go to the medical clinic. A few principles apply constantly. A few guidelines apply just in specific circumstances, and just experience and perusing can assist you with getting them okay. What's more, a few principles apply just in specific circumstances in specific societies: British and American English is some of the time unique, as you may have learned at this point. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Grammar classification, check our well known posts, or pick a related post below:Cost-Effective versus Cost-EfficientStory Writing 10145 Idioms About the Number One

Philosophical Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Philosophical Questions - Essay Example This paper will give four contentions that God exists. In the first place, one should bring up one straightforward, yet rather significant certainty: the faith in divine forces has been known since the beginning of mankind; along these lines, this persistent presence of the custom may be viewed as a roundabout sign of presence of God. Presence of mind proposes that there is no smoke without fire. On the off chance that there had not been any awesome force, a large number of individuals around the globe couldn't just have envisioned it out of the blue. Remembering that there was no correspondence between the gatherings of the early individuals, the very presence of strict cliques may be viewed as a legitimate proof that God exists. Is it conceivable that individuals have been confused with thousand or years around one of the most characterizing parts of their personality? It is somewhat difficult to have faith in that. Subsequently, the presence of strict convictions that goes back to the crude society might be a reasonable contention for presence of God. The second circuitous sign that God exist centers around our very lives. Ought not the last be viewed as a genuine supernatural occurrence? The procedure of ovum preparation by spermatozoid has not exclusively been concentrated in incredible subtleties, yet additionally recorded. It might appear that science has sought shelter from the best riddle †the start of live. In any case, no researcher can bring up that second when few cells become a living creature. At the end of the day, science gave a valiant effort to dissect our general surroundings, yet it couldn't take a few to get back some composure of one of the basic forces †life. It would not be an error to propose that with no heavenly intercession the previously mentioned set of particles would have never become a living animal. Along these lines, all the creatures on the planet are the living contentions for the presence of God. Another point that ought to be taken into

A Social Justice Reading List for Those Who Want to Rise Up

A Social Justice Reading List for Those Who Want to Rise Up Im not gonna lie. I cried myself to sleep on Election Day. And when I finally opened my eyes the next morning, I lay there, hovering in a space of unreality and dread. I rolled over to check my phone, which only confirmed that I had not tossed and turned my way through a nightmare. This was real. People had voted for hate instead of love. Since joining the Book Riot team, my TBR pile has ballooned to include so many voices that are different than my own. These voices have provided me with new perspectives. They have taught me empathy and understanding and love. They have given me hope that, even in the midst of great horrors, the voices of minorities are getting louder. It seemed to me that with this growing, glorious sound, things could only get better. This seems like a natural enough time to want to give up. To pull the covers over our heads and hit the snooze alarm and refuse to step into this new future. To flee. Just one day before the election, Rebecca Solnit wrote in  The Guardian  that it matters who is president, but what a president does has everything to do with what the people demand or refuse or do themselves Other people have since tweeted similar sentiments similar calls to action. Its an important reminder. But I also know that many of us feel powerless. That we dont know what to do. Some books I hope can help: Kate Schatz  and Miriam Klein Stahls  Rad American Women A-Z, a collection of radical women throughout history that includes resources for how you, yourself, can take action. bell hookss  Teaching to Transgress,  a meditation on how we can teach our young people to embody the principles of the world we ourselves wish for. Greg Jobin-Leeds and Agit-Artes  When We Fight, We Win,  a look at social movements and activists who are changing the world, and how we can use their successes as a blueprint in our own lives. Rinku Sens  Stir It Up,  a how-to manual on community activism and organizing. Mark and Paul Englers  This Is an Uprising,  a look at various forms of nonviolent revolt and the impact they can have. Sarah Jaffes  Necessary Trouble,  another look at the movements that have made average Americans into activists. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichies  We Should All Be Feminists,  a book Ive mentioned in a previous post about calls to feminist action, but it bears repeating. Angela Y. Daviss  Freedom Is a Constant Struggle,  a collection of essays, interviews, and speeches that highlight struggles against oppression throughout history. Innosanto Nagaras  A Is for Activist,  a board book I just added to my 2-year-olds TBR list. Jennifer Baumgardner and Amy Richardss  Grassroots,  a book that taught me a lot about feminist activism back when I was just starting to claim that word for myself. Paul Loebs  The Impossible Will Take a Little While,  which no kidding. This book is a book of hope from voices who know. And of course, please continue to keep reading the books my fellow Book Rioters continue to champion the kinds of books that blast open minds and create allies of us all. You can start with Rachel Manwills post on advanced citizenship but, really, every post on this site will do you right.

Business Plan for a Startup Business Free Essay Example, 6250 words

In order to, critically identify a brief summary of the proposed business plan of food-truck in Al Ain City, the following discussion regarding the business idea and objectives along with mission statement of the company significantly provides a better understanding about the organization. Mission Statement In relation to the proposed business plan for Al Ain City, the mission of the start-up food truck business will be to become one of the preferred choices of the street-food lovers in terms of offering them with quality and fresh food items. Therefore, the mission statement of the proposed venture is â€Å"Setting an emerging trend of food truck in Al Ain City through delivering quality and fresh food items as per the needs and desires of the local populations. † Business Idea The idea of the proposed business plan of food-truck is inspired by the concept of current growth in the global restaurant business industry. In relation to the present scenario, global restaurant business industry has been observed to achieve a dramatic growth that obtained greater interests of the modern entrepreneurs. The emerging trend of the changing food habits along with the growing performance of the food-truck business concept have been rapidly demonstrating a greater opportunity for the marketers to achieve a stable business position in the fiercely competitive restaurant industry. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Plan for a Startup Business or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Correspondingly, the rising popularity of the food-truck has also been witnessed to play a pivotal role for the marketers in terms of enjoying continuous growth as well as extensive numbers of target customers from particular market or location (Tung, 2003). Company Goals and Objectives Defining business objectives can be duly considered as one of the major decision for the entrepreneurs to determine success in any particular industry or specific marketplace. In order to establish a business significantly, it is required to identify the objectives for attaining the goal of the start-up business. Objective of an organization is quite essential in order to establish a healthy and successful company. In this case, the objective of food truck business will be to deliver exceptional quality food products and/or services to its customers, which will enhance the level of customer satisfaction in the emerging market of Al Ain City. Apart from this, the business objectives of the company will focus on ensuring brand loyalty and achieving long-term sustainability for the business in the respective location for sustainability and profitability (Entrepreneur Media Inc, 2014).

A Research On Genetic Engineering - 2006 Words

Michael Hrisstov 11/1/2014 Research Paper Genetic Engineering 1. Introduction Ever wish you could eat pizza and have the same nutrients as fruits or vegetables? Food is something that affects every person on this planet, in more ways than we think. Recent discoveries show that we may be able to eat that slice of pizza and maintain our health. A concept known as genetic engineering has the ability to make foods taste better, increase their nutritional value, and even help solve some of the deadliest health issues. As we continue to dwell deeper and deeper into genetic engineering we begin to realize the possibilities are endless. As science continues to advance we begin to realize that this is the future, with the ability to change life as we know it. As stated by bioethicist David Resnick genetic engineering is, when we speak of genetic modification we mean the process of intentionally altering human genes for the purpose of producing offspring with those genetic changes(Genetic Determinism, 2)† Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism s genome using biotechnology.† This process can help us eradicate health issues, make our food healthier, and even change our physical appearance. Unfortunately, there are many ethical issues behind the use of genetic engineering. 2. Ethical Concerns Surrounding Genetic Engineering One of the problems surrounding the science of genetics is its ability to cause changes in theShow MoreRelatedA Research On Genetic Engineering2106 Words   |  9 PagesGenetic Engineering Genetic engineering is the set of techniques used to manipulate and modify the genetic material of living beings that have been the key to the rapid development of modern biotechnology. Recombination mechanisms provide a limited genetic exchange. Mankind has spent his life correcting the habits of nature to make it to his liking, so that it would be more helpful; Mankind has transformed plants to make them more useful for their crops, has domesticated animals so that theyRead MoreGenetic Engineering Research Paper1341 Words   |  6 PagesI. Introduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the past three decades, scientists have learned how to mix and match characteristics among unrelated creatures by moving genes from one creature to another. This is called â€Å"genetic engineering.† Genetic Engineering is prematurely applied to food production. There are estimates that food output must increase by 60 percent over the next 25 years to keep up with demand. Thus, the result of scientist genetically altering plants for more consumption. The two most common methodsRead MoreA Research On Genetic Engineering1407 Words   |  6 PagesGenetic Engineering is all about genes, which are made of DNA; the chemical inside the nucleus of a cell that carries the genetic instructions for making living organisms. It is a very broad term that covers a range of techniques that allow for the artificial addition, deletion or rearrangement of sequences of bases in DNA in order to alter the observable form and function of an organism. (Science Group, 2014). G enetic Engineering was first discovered in the 1970s when scientist discovered how toRead MoreA Research On Genetic Engineering1111 Words   |  5 Pages Genetic Engineering in Humans Andrew Pickard English 122, Semester 1 Mrs. D. Seymour December 19, 2014 Genetic Engineering in Humans I. Insecurity and Disappointments A. Identity Crisis B. The Injury C. Elite Development Program / Re-injury II. Royal Canadian Leadership Camp A. Application B. Black Sheep C. Inspiring Words III. Volunteer Experiences / Inspiring Events A. Steve Nash Youth Basketball B. We Day C. Literacy Mentor Pickard 1 Andrew Pickard Mrs. D. Seymour EnglishRead MoreGenetic Engineering Research Paper1584 Words   |  7 PagesGenetic engineering Explain how this technology works. Genetic engineering otherwise called genetic modification and can basically be described as the ‘direct manipulation of an organism’s genome’ which is the complete set of genetic material of an animal, plant or other living thing. 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This practice refers to humans modifying an animals’ genetic component in order to express a particular trait (Dale et al). The scientific community calls the animals produced by this practice as tra nsgenic animals in order to distinguish between its wild type relative. This innovative technology paved ways for medical breakthroughs, along with the expansion of human understanding towards the mechanismsRead MoreA Research Study On Genetic Engineering1735 Words   |  7 Pages Genetic Engineering is a fairly new science field that is used to change the genes that can be located inside of a cell, but it brings many problems along with it. Genes give an individual or species a certain set of traits that can determine its appearance on the inside and outside. The genes can be moved between same or even different types of species. This can completely change an organism’s looks or even allow the scientists to create a whole new type of animal. The animal would then beRead MoreA Research Study On Genetic Engineering Essay1403 Words   |  6 PagesGenetic engineering is a straight use of an organism s genome by the use of biotechnology. New DNA may be inserted into the hos t genome by first and copying the genetic material of interest by the use molecular emulating methods to create a DNA order, or by producing the DNA, and then injecting this concept into the host organism. I think in the future 50 years, the use of hormones can enable the production of higher quality carcasses, and increases the rate of muscle development (Bruce, D., BruceRead MoreAre Studies in Genetic Engineering and Stem Cell Research Beneficial?1637 Words   |  7 Pagesof advancements have been made from things such as medicine to something basic as a cell phone. One of the most unacknowledged yet productive methods that has become a possibility and surpasses our expectations is the process of genetic engineering and stem cell research. These studies have proven to be a beneficial part to the way people could live and how they could approach life-threatening diseases. When similar studies are first discussed and publicized they appear to not only be impossible

Marketing Management †Coca Cola India Free Essays

Coca Cola India’s Thirst for the Rural Market Coca Cola India’s Thirst for the Rural Market: ‘Thanda’ Goes Rural In early 2002, Coca-Cola India (CCI) (Refer Exhibit I for information about CCI) launched a new advertisement campaign featuring leading bollywood actor – Aamir Khan. The advertisement with the tag line – ‘Thanda Matlab Coca-Cola’ was targeted at rural and semi-urban consumers. According to company sources, the idea was to position Coca-Cola as a generic brand for cold drinks. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Management – Coca Cola India or any similar topic only for you Order Now The campaign was launched to support CCI’s rural marketing initiatives. CCI began focusing on the rural market in the early 2000s in order to increase volumes. This decision was not surprising, given the huge size of the untapped rural market in India (Refer Exhibit II to learn about the rural market in India). With flat sales in the urban areas, it was clear that CCI would have to shift its focus to the rural market. Nantoo Banerjee, spokeswoman – CCI, said, â€Å"The real market in India is in the rural areas. If you can crack it, there is tremendous potential. However, the poor rural infrastructure and consumption habits that are very different from those of urban people were two major obstacles to cracking the rural market for CCI. Because of the erratic power supply most grocers in rural areas did not stock cold drinks. Also, people in rural areas had a preference for traditional cold beverages such as ‘lassi’6 and lemon juice. Further, the price of the beverage was also a major factor for the rural consumer. CCI’s Rural Marketing Strategy CCI’s rural marketing strategy was based on three A’s – Availability, Affordability and Acceptability. The first ‘A’ – Availability emphasized on the availability of the product to the customer; the second ‘A’ Affordability focused on product pricing, and the third ‘A’- Acceptability focused on convincing the customer to buy the product. Availability Once CCI entered the rural market; it focused on strengthening its distribution network there. It realized that the centralized distribution ystem used by the company in the urban areas would not be suitable for rural areas. In the centralized distribution system, the product was transported directly from the bottling plants to retailers (Refer Figure I). However, CCI realized that this distribution system would not work in rural markets, as taking stock directly from bottling plants to retail stores would be very costly due to the lo ng distances to be covered. The company instead opted for a hub and spoke distribution system (Refer Figure II). Under the hub and spoke distribution system, stock was transported from the bottling plants to hubs and then from hubs, the stock was transported to spokes, which were situated in small towns. These spokes fed the retailers catering to the demand in rural areas. CCI not only changed its distribution model, it also changed the type of vehicles used for transportation. The company used large trucks for transporting stock from bottling plants to hubs and medium commercial vehicles transported the stock from the hubs to spokes. For transporting stock from spokes to village retailers, the company utilized auto rickshaws and cycles. Commenting on the transportation of stock in rural markets, a company spokesperson said, â€Å"We use all possible means of transport that range from trucks, auto rickshaws, cycle rickshaws and hand carts to even camel carts in Rajasthan and mules in the hilly areas, to cart our products from the nearest hub. â€Å"7 In late 2002, CCI made an additional investment of Rs 7 million (Rs 5 million from the company and Rs 2 million from the company’s bottlers) to meet rural demand. By March 2003, the company had added 25 production lines and doubled its glass and PET bottle capacity8. Further it also distributed around 2,00,000 refrigerators to its rural retailers. It also purchased 5,000 new trucks and auto rickshaws for boosting its rural distribution. Through its rural distribution initiatives, CCI was able to increase its presence in rural areas from a coverage of 81,383 villages in 2001 to 1,58,342 villages in August 2003. Apart from strengthening its distribution network, CCI also focused on pricing in rural market. Affordability A survey conducted by CCI in 2001 revealed that 300 ml bottles were not popular with rural and semi urban residents where two persons often shared a 300 ml bottle. It was also found that the price of Rs10/- per bottle was considered too high by rural consumers. For these reasons, CCI decided to make some changes in the size of its bottles and pricing to win over consumers in the rural market. In 2002, CCI launched 200 ml bottles (Chota Coke)9 priced at Rs 5. CCI announced that it would push the 200 ml bottles more in rural areas, as the rural market was very price-sensitive. It was widely felt that the 200 ml bottles priced at Rs. 5 would increase the rate of consumption in rural India. Reports put the annual per capita consumption of bottled beverages in rural areas at one bottle as compared to 6 bottles in urban areas. The 200 ml bottles priced at Rs. 5 would also make CCI competitive against local brands in the unorganized sector. It was reported that in the states of Rajasthan and Gujarat the local cola brands such as Choice and Tikli cost only half the price offered by CCI, which gave them the advantage in garnering the major market share before CCI came out with Chota Coke. CCI also targeted the rural consumer aggressively in its marketing campaigns, which were aimed at increasing awareness of its brands in rural areas. Acceptability The initiatives of CCI in distribution and pricing were supported by extensive marketing in the mass media as well as through outdoor advertising. The company put up hoardings in villages and painted the name Coca Cola on the compounds of the residences in the villages. Further, CCI also participated in the weekly mandies10 by setting up temporary retail outlets, and also took part in the annual haats11 and fairs – major sources of business activity and entertainment in rural India. CCI also launched television commercials (TVCs) targeted at rural consumers. In order to reach more rural consumers, CCI increased its ad-spend on Doordarshan. 12 The company ensured that all its rural marketing initiatives were well supported by TVCs. When CCI launched Chota Coke in 2002 priced at Rs. 5, it bought out a commercial featuring Bollywood actor Aamir Khan to communicate the message of the price cut and the launch of 200 ml bottles to the rural consumers. The commercial was shot in a rural setting. In the summer of 2003, CCI came up with a new commercial featuring Aamir Khan, to further strengthen the Coca-Cola brand image among rural consumers. The commercial aimed at making coke a generic name for ‘Thanda. ‘ Of the reason for picking up the word ‘Thanda’, Prasoon Joshi, national creative director – McCann Erickson, the creator of the commercial, said, â€Å"Thanda is a very North India-centric phenomenon. Go to any restaurant in the north, and attendants would promptly ask, ‘thanda ya garam? ‘ ‘Thanda’ usually means lassi or nimbu pani, ‘garam’ is essentially tea. Because the character, in itself, represented a culture, we wanted to equate Coke with ‘Thanda’, since ‘Thanda’ too is part of the popular dialect of the north, thus making ‘Thanda’ generic for Coca-Cola. With the long-playing possibilities of the ‘Thanda’ idea becoming evident, ‘Thanda’ became the central idea. Once we decided to work on that idea, the creative mind just opened up. â€Å"13 Between March and September 2003, CCI launched three commercials with the ‘Thanda Matlab Coca-Cola’ tag line. All the three commercials aimed to make rural and semi-urban consumers connect with Coca-Cola. The first ad featured Aamir Khan as a ‘tapori’ (street smart); in the ad he makes the association between Coca-Cola and the word ‘Thanda. ‘ The second commercial in the series featured Aamir Khan as a ‘Hyderabadi shop-keeper’; here again he equates the word ‘Thanda’ with Coca-Cola. The third commercial featured Aamir Khan as a ‘Punjabi farmer’ who offers Coca Cola to ladies asking for Thanda. The three commercials showed progression in associating ‘Coke’ with ‘Thanda’ in a rural/semi-urban context. In the first commercial the connection of Coke with Thanda was made, in the second one there was a subtle difference, with the shopkeeper asking customers to ask for Thanda instead of Coke, and the third commercial showed that when one asked for Thanda, one would get Coke. Analysts said that all the three commercials succeeded in make rural consumers connect to Coke and increased awareness of the brand among them. Along with TVCs, CCI also launched print advertisements in several regional newspapers. Future Prospects CCI claimed all its marketing initiatives were very successful, and as a result, its rural penetration increased from 9% in 2001 to 25% in 2003. CCI also said that volumes from rural markets had increased to 35% in 2003. The company said that it would focus on adding more villages to its distribution network. For the year 2003, CCI had a target of reaching 0. 1 million more villages. Analysts pointed out that stiff competition from archrival PepsiCo would make it increasingly difficult for CCI to garner more market share. PepsiCo too had started focusing on the rural market, due to the flat volumes in urban areas. Like CCI, PepsiCo too launched 200 ml bottles priced at Rs. 5. Going one step ahead, PepsiCo slashed the price of its 300 ml bottles to Rs 6/- to boost volumes in urban areas. (Refer Exhibit III for Pepsi Co’s rural marketing initiatives. ) In early 2003, CCI announced that it was dropping plans to venture into other beverage businesses. Company sources said that increasing volumes of cola drinks had made the company rethink its plans of launching juice and milk-based beverages. In 2002, CCI had announced plans to launch beverages such as nimbu paani (lemon juice), fruit juice, cold coffee, and iced tea in collaboration with Nestle India. 14 Though CCI was upbeat because of its early success in its drive to capture the rural market, the question was whether the company would be able to take this success further. A major media setback occurred in August 2003, when the Delhi-based Center for Science and Environment announced that it had found high pesticide content in soft drinks manufactured and sold by both cola majors. Around same time BBC Radio in its program – ‘Face the Facts’ alleged that Coke’s plant in Kerala was making excessive use of groundwater resources in the region and was also contaminating the groundwater through discharge of toxic elements, thereby harming the land, water resources and also the food chain in the region. Though CCI refuted these allegations, the company reportedly experienced a considerable decline in sales after August 2003. With many social and political groups becoming active against the cola companies in rural areas, it remains to be seen whether CCI will be able to quench its thirst for the rural market. How to cite Marketing Management – Coca Cola India, Papers

Kite Runner - a Boy Who Wont Stand Up for Himself free essay sample

In spite of not being trained to do so, he had stood up for himself, and for others, but in a more cautious and diplomatic way; in contrast to Babas strong and heroic idea of standing up. In the course of his childhood, Amir had not been given many chances to stand up for himself. He lived as a boy under the wing of his fathers fame and influence, gaining attention and respect as â€Å"Babas son†. The results are quite obvious – at school he was â€Å"spared the metal rod treatment†, and in Amirs own words, it was also â€Å"the sole reason, I believe, Assef had mostly refrained from harassing me too much. In addition to that, he had Hassan backing him up in almost every other situation. In each nasty little crisis that Amir lands in, from minor bullying to the more serious threats, Hassan â€Å"steps in and fends them off. We will write a custom essay sample on Kite Runner a Boy Who Wont Stand Up for Himself or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † Having grown up with such sturdy protection, it would be quite reasonable to say that Amir cant stand up for himself, rather than â€Å"wont stand up for himself. † Hosseini shows in his novel that Amirs lack of experience in facing his own problems, in addition to his fathers negative view of himself, caused a rather serious inferiority complex within him, which continually reoccured in the course of his lifetime. Many a time Amir would compare himself to Baba â€Å"I hadnt turned out like him†, or to Hassan â€Å"I wasnt just slower than Hassan but clumsier too†, and in every case he would negate himself. This pitiful mentality seeped into Amirs way of thinking in relation to â€Å"standing up for himself†, as he accepted and submitted to Babas judgement of himself: a weakling and a coward. Because of this, when put in difficult situations, he would tell himself that â€Å"Baba was right† and use it as his cliche excuse: â€Å"Youre gutless. Its how you were made. Nevertheless, Amir had also had his corageous moments. In spite of his disapproving environment, his fathers disappointment, and his own criticism, a tiny flame burnt within him from childhood all the way to adulthood. On the first occasion when they had confronted Assefs gang, Amir said that â€Å"Hassan retreated behind me as the three older boys closed in. † Amir admits that he is afraid, but d espite that he manages to talk back to Assef, as bravely as he possibly can, as it is the only thing he is capable of doing. Hosseini shows us many times in the novel that Amir is an intelligent person. That, together with his quiet and studious nature that he probably inherited from his mother, gives him a more calm and systematic approach to solving problems. Amir knows best about his own physical weaknesses, so his way of standing up is not through violence. It could be said that he stood up for his father in the conflict with the Nguyens, by resolving the problem diplomatically. Another example was when he stood up for himself in relation to his own interests; when he went against Babas hopes and expectations and chose to â€Å"make up stories† after graduating. An interesting point that Hosseini presents here is how Amir relates this decision to his betrayal of Hassan, â€Å"I didnt want to sacrifice for Baba anymore. The last time I had done that, I had damned myself. † This highlights the fact that the true reason behind Amirs betrayal was not cowardice, but a gnawing desire to please Baba. Baba, on the other hand, was an extremely outgoing person. He was a wealthy, powerful, well-known, confident and self-sufficient man. Over and over in the novel, Hosseni creates many situations where Baba does his heroic, and sometimes rather obstinate, deeds. Wrestling the bear, building the orphanage, running a successful businesses, defying the Russian soldier, attacking Karim, working in America, refusing food stamps, handling the Nguyen case, all the way up to his own medication. It seemed as if his whole life was revolved around â€Å"standing up for himself†, or for other people. Looking at it from Amirs childhood view, it is certainly very heroic; but all his actions were based on his personal views, for â€Å"Baba saw the world in black and white. † His strong personal beliefs, supported by his insane strength and wide-spread influence, drew him to do many risky actions that, if analysed carefully, could have led to devastating results. As Amir said, â€Å"The problem was, his nature was going to get us all killed. † The stamp that Baba had placed on Amir was partly due to the visible difference between the two of them, and also due to what was expected of men in the Afghan culture at that time. Amir had mentioned the double-standard which favoured men, and along with it came the extra expectations. Baba was greatly perplexed by what he possibly considered the womanly traits of his son, because â€Å"real men didnt read poetry real men – real boys – played soccer just as Baba had when he had been young. † To Baba, real men were those who were strong, tough, and stood up to everything, and he visualised standing up in terms of fighting, challenging, and witholding justice. If that was what average men were supposed to be like, then certainly his own son would have been the champion of the lot. Unfortunately, Air did not live up to his expectations. His ways of standing up was different from his father; he took a more logical and careful approach. Babas standing up, on the other hand, may be heroic, but not always sensible. Baba had hoped that his son Amir would grow up to be a strong and determined fighter, so when Amir had turned out to be a quiet, peace-loving writer, it generated a huge amount of disappointment and regret within him. Because of this, it can be concluded that Babas statement â€Å"A boy who wont stand up for himself becomes a man who cant stand up to anything† is slightly biased, as it is mainly based on his personal defenition of standing up, which can be quite extreme in Babas case. Ironically, the many cases where Amir did not â€Å"stand up for himself† were mainly caused by Baba; either it was his social influence that had always provided de facto protection, or his belittling remark that had haunted Amir till adulthood, or else his extremely high expectations that Amir could not possibly live up to.

Worst Roommate Ever How to Get Along and Co-Exist

Worst Roommate Ever How to Get Along and Co-Exist Many times, you dont get to choose your roommate if you live in a dorm. While its possible to change rooms or request a new roommate, the process is difficult and can only be used if theres a serious problem. So before you track down the RA and stir up a world of drama, try some of these tips to get along. Clear The Air The first step to getting along with your roommate is to clear the air and get all the past drama out of the way. This is best accomplished if you take the first step and begin with a peace offering. Whether its picking up their favorite take-away dinner or just sharing a bottle of wine, approach the discussion with an open mind and a smile on your face. Be prepared to take responsibility for anything youve done to make the problem worse – this isnt an argument to be won, its a way to simply clear the air and start fresh. You Dont Have to Be BFFs Theres always a vague notion that your college roommate will become your new Best Friend. The two of you will embark on this journey of personal, spiritual and intellectual growth, a bond will form and youll be developing a friendship that nurtures you for the rest of your life. While TV movies and sitcoms paint the picture, the reality is that most students go through at least one year of living with someone they simply cannot stand. Accept that you dont have to like each other – you just have to live together. Set Clear Boundaries Once youve cleared the air and accepted that the two of you dont need to become besties, you can lay down some clear boundaries. You cant stand it when your roommate lets their dirty laundry pile up so high the place smells like a giant armpit and your epic World of Warcraft sessions drive them up the wall. So your roommate agrees to do laundry more often or get a hamper with an airtight lid and youll need to start using earphones and not shouting at the screen when you play. Be willing to compromise and be willing to get everything out in the open now. Dont nitpick or try to force your roommate into conforming to everything you want without being willing to make some changes yourself. The goal is to find a compromise – a way for the two of you to share the same space, nothing more. Discuss the problems youve had as well as potential problems. Set up clear and definitive rules for drinking or smoking in the room having overnight guests noise levels for music, TV, video games, etc keeping the room clean If the thought of discussing any of this makes you uncomfortable, just imagine how uncomfortable youll be when your roommate decides to play Rock Band at 3am. Get Moving One of the simplest ways to deal with not wanting to be around your roommate is, of course, to just not be home when they are. If possible, stagger your classes for the afternoon if theirs are in the morning. Work odd shifts, hang out with friends more often or just get out and have fun on campus. If youre not naturally an active our outgoing person this may be difficult at first but spending less time in your room and more time outside will probably make your college experience better all around. Consider it a Life Lesson Getting along with people is something youll have to do for the rest of your life. While its unlikely that youll have to live with someone you dont like once youre out of college, learning how to deal with a difficult person without constant conflict is a skill that will serve you well for years to come. Its also important to know when to cut your losses. If the problem you have with a roommate involves them bullying, harassing or otherwise directly interfering with your life then its time to move from diplomacy to decisive action. Never attempt to act on the issue yourself. Immediately enlist the help of your RA or other dorm administrator to handle it. Typically problems with a roommate dont escalate to that point and learning how to handle difficult people can be an invaluable skill in the future. Learning to deal with a difficult roommate in college can easily hone diplomatic skills that will allow you to withstand even the most irksome work colleague in the future. Dealing successfully with a difficult roommate is a lot like dealing with difficult family members – you dont get to choose them but you do have to put up with them. Luckily for you, the time youll spend with a roommate will come to an end eventually but those bothersome family members will still turn up for Thanksgiving at Aunt Doras. How have you solved roommate problems in the past? Share your advice!

Research Proposal Writing

Research Proposal Writing What Is a Research Proposal? A research proposal is a request for support of sponsored research, instruction or extension projects. Typically, a research proposal can be referred to as a document that is commonly written by scientists or academicians describing the ideas for an investigation on a certain topic. The goal of a research proposal is to present and validate the reasons why there is a need to study a certain research problem while at the same time outlining practical ways in which this research will be carried out. The design elements and procedures for undertaking the research are governed by certain standards within the predominant discipline in which the problem resides. Therefore, the guidelines for a research proposal are more exact and less strict than those of a general project proposal. Research proposals contain extensive literature reviews and therefore must provide convincing evidence that there is a need to conduct the proposed study. In addition to giving a rationale, a proposal outlines a detailed methodology for undertaking the research that is in line with requirements of the professional or academic field, as well as an anticipated outcome or benefits of the study’s completion. How to Write a Research Proposal? Similar to writing a traditional research paper, the research proposal is generally organized the same way mostly throughout social science disciplines. Their length ranges between 10 and 20 pages. However, before you begin on your proposal, read the assignment carefully and ask for any clarifications from your instructor just in case there are any special requirements to be met. Here is a guideline on writing a research proposal: 12 Steps to Writing a Research Proposal Questions to Answer When Writing a Research Proposal What do I study/research Why is the specific topic important? How does it relate with my coursework? What problems will it help solve in the end? How does it build upon research already done on the topic? What exactly should I plan to do?   Here is a great list of topics for masters dissertation research proposal: 50 Research Proposal Topics Research Proposal: the Logic and the Structure 1. Introduction.  This should be where you initially pitch your idea. Your readers should not only have a comprehension of what you want to do but should also be able to sense that you have a direction with which to take your study. The introduction should answer what is the central research problem, topic of study, methods to analyze the problem, and the importance of the research. 2. Background and Significance.  This is where you explain the context of your study and write at length why it is important. State the research problem and give an in-depth explanation about the purpose of the study, present the rationale of your proposed study and its worth, describe the major issues or problems to be addressed by your research, and how you plan to go out and do your research. 3. Literature Review.  This is a more deliberate review and synthesis of prior studies that are related to the research problem under investigation. Think about the questions that other researchers have asked on the subject, methods they have used, and your understanding of their findings. Ask yourself what is still missing, and how the previous scholars have failed to address the problem your study addresses. 4. Research Design and Methods.  The objective of this section is to convince the reader of your proposal and how your overall research design methods of analysis will effectively address the research problem. Be specific about the methodological approaches you will use to collect information, techniques for analyzing the data, and the tests of external validity to which you commit yourself. 5. Preliminary Suppositions and Implications.  The purpose of this section is to argue how you think your research will refine, revise and extend the existing knowledge in the subject area under investigation. Describe how your study is likely to impact future scholarly research, theory, practice, policy, or forms of intervention. 6. Conclusion.  This section emphasizes the necessity of your proposal and offers a short summary of the entire study. It can be one or two paragraphs reiterating why the research problem is worth investigating as well as why your study is unique. 7. Citations.  Here you will cite the various sources you used to garner information for your proposal. Mind that a research proposal must convince your reader of the importance of the theme you research. It should show your understanding of a subject so that you are ready to complete your research. But if you are having trouble with a research proposal writing place an order on our Order Page.

How effective was the persecution of the Christians for the Romans Essay

How effective was the persecution of the Christians for the Romans - Essay Example Christianity was not begun within the social spheres of the more prominent people of the time period. The beliefs were spread through the impoverished, the lesser citizenry of Rome, and through connecting to the needs of those who were suffering. Therefore, those who believed became a threat to those who were satisfied with the state of society. One of the ways in which to eradicate the belief, or so thought those of prominence within the Roman Empire, was to martyr believers. The problem with creating a martyr is that a rallying point is created. Thus, the martyrdom of Christians within the Roman Empire became an act that helped to promote the beliefs, rather than a way to eradicate them. Because of the persecution of the Christians by the Romans, the religion found power within the martyrdom of its people, thus giving it needed sympathy which allowed for the beliefs to be spread further. The Christians of the first centuries were the anti-establishment group that came up against a goliath of a political system that was defined by its ties to the ritualized worship of the Roman people to the pagan gods. Christians refused to participate, putting their own beliefs above Rome, thus becoming enemies of the state. An example of the persecution of Christians can be found through the experiences of Vibia Perpetua through the firsthand account of Tertullian. Through understanding the sympathy that is created through the terrible events of the persecution, the psychology of martyrdom can help to explain part of the way in which the plight of these early Christians helped to further the expansion of the religion. Christians: The Hippies of Rome Despite the desire to eradicate the Christians, this was not an action that originated because of an objection to that belief. Nero used the Christians as a scapegoat in order to find a plausible criminal element behind the fire in Rome, although Tacitus wrote that Nero had ordered the fire (Cairnes, 1996, p. 27). Tacitus (109 A .C.E.) stated that â€Å"Therefore to stop the rumor, he falsely charged with guilt, and punished with the most fearful tortures, the persons commonly called Christians† (p, 286). Christians were used, according to the belief of Tacitus, which suggests was the common belief of the time period, as a scapegoat in order to alleviate political pressures. The first emperor of Rome to begin widespread persecution of Christians was Domitian (81AD to 95AD), the last emperor of the Flavian Dynasty. Belief was not an issue with the Romans, but the refusal to honor the emperor through sacrifice and to confer to him proclaimed divinity provided a fuel with which to separate the empire from the Christian sect and to begin retribution for this insult (Peters, 2005, p. 246). However, the close association with the Jewish community in Rome did not help the Christian cause. The Jewish community, during Domitian’s time, had refused to pay a tax that was to support the Capitolinus Jupite r. The Christians were the easier target to punish, although why it was effective as punitive to the Jewish community is unclear. One of the most potent uses of the Christian ‘plague’ in Rome was to focus on their participation in the economic difficulties of the age. One of the examples that can be appreciated is that the lucrative idol making business was harmed by the lack of

Advantages and disadvantages of owning VS renting a home Essay

Advantages and disadvantages of owning VS renting a home - Essay Example The advantages and disadvantages discussed in this article will enable one come up with viable decision as whether to purchase a house or rent. Let us begin with the advantages of owning a home. When one owns a home, that person is building equity. One must understand that the value of a house does not increase with time. On the contrary, its value decreases with time. However, when one owns a home they can contribute to their investment portfolio. As one clear a mortgage, he, or she builds up equity while the home value remains constant (Williams, 23). Authorities that are responsible with collecting tax have established tax relief to those who have taken mortgage. The purpose of this reduction is to aid in offsetting ones loan. In addition to that as one chooses to pay fixed-mortgage, payment in interest and the initial principal remains constant as long as the loan is outstanding. Even though payment of taxes and insurance may vary with time, one may be able to use the house as an investment. Moreover, when one purchases a house and leaves it, it is not wasted since the same house can be rented to generate income. This is also one of the best alternatives one can use to repay mortgage. It is therefore advisable to choose a house that is attractable and that is rentable, that is if one might think of renting it in the near future. Another important benefit of owning a home is that it enables one settle and lives with the community. Purchasing a home is a long-term investment. Once one has a home, he or she is committed to live with the surrounding people for a long time. As a result, one gets to understand the neighbors well and may get the opportunity to be involved in communal economical activities or even become a volunteer in a program that benefit the community for instance assisting in building of a school or public latrines among others. When one owns a home, he or

The Progression of a Hunter :: Hunting Sports Nature Papers

The Progression of a Hunter It's three o'clock in the morning. I've been sleeping since eight p.m., and now my alarm clock is telling me that it's time to wake up. Most people are sleeping at this hour of the night, but I'm just now waking up to pack up my gear and head into the forest for the morning. Last night I packed my .30-06, tree stand, a small cooler full of food and a rucksack full of hunting equipment including deer scent, camouflage paint and a flashlight. I've been planning a hunt for two weeks, and the weekend has finally come. I get up from bed, shake off the cold of the morning and get ready to leave by four. It's five a.m. when I get to the dirt road winding into Ocala National Forest. I park my car in a clearing gather my gear and head into the forest with my eyes to the trees. By five-thirty I'm set up in a tree, my rifle is loaded and I'm quietly sipping hot coffee from my plastic thermos cup. I'm well concealed by tree limbs, and I have a clear shot at the ground below within my line of sight. My camouflage pants and jacket keep me hidden from the poor eyesight of the deer below, and my height above the ground keeps the smell of a human away from the sensitive noses of animals on the ground. Six a.m. and the sky is turning a light blue. The night's shade is dissipating slowly, and I can begin to see my surroundings a little better. A shot rings out from the west, and that signals nearby hunters. I hope they drove some game my way. Within a few minutes, there is rustling in the brush below me. A young buck is coming within range. He's a big one too; I can see about eight points from where I am. He is cautious and sniffs at the air and flicks out his tongue often. His coat is a light brown color like khaki. There are white markings along his flank, and he has a stubby little white fluff of fur for a tail. I disengage the safety on my rifle. The bolt is forward on the gun, and I know there's a round in the chamber. I steady myself. I turn ever so slightly to get a better angle.

Key Functions of Education from a Functionalist Perspective

What are the key functions of education from a Functionalist Perspective? Ever since the education system was invented, there have been a lot of ideas and criticisms of how it should work. The most famous sociological groups, functionalists and Marxists, were part of this and still are today. They both think that their views are best for society. Talcott Parsons believes that the education system has three main functions. Firstly it socializes young people into key cultural values such as equality of opportunity, competition and religious morality.Education is said by functionalists (especially Durkheim) to emphasize moral responsibilities in society that people should have towards each other. If these norms were not passed down through generations then there would be a tendency for individualism (where people believe that they are more important than social groups). Citizenship and religious education were introduced as compulsory subjects in schools to see that young people did thi ngs with thought for the society. The second function is to do with the skills that education teaches children, from literacy and numeracy to more job-specific skills.Occupational jobs are becoming more specialized and this in turn will lead to more years in education. The final function of education, according to functionalists is the allocating of roles of young people in society. Examinations and qualifications are said to allocate people for their most suited job. The equality of opportunity took place and so higher talented people are given the most functionally important jobs for the society. Parsons was criticized as he failed to consider that the values transmitted by the educational system may be those of a ruling minority rather than society as a whole.Like parsons, functionalists Davis and Moore saw education as a means of selecting or shifting people for different levels of the jobs market and ensuring that the most talented and qualified individuals are allocated to the most important jobs with high rewards. Society is therefore meritocracy in which people are rewarded for intelligence, ability and effort. They where criticized because the relationship between academic credentials and occupational reward is not close. Income is only weakly linked to educational attainment. There is doubt about the proposition that the educational system grades people in terms of ability.It has been argued that intelligence is so difficult to pin down that school achievement can never equal ‘intelligence’. While Marxists do share many ideas of functionalists e. g. the fact that education prepares us for out acceptance of the values of society they also see how the education system is alienating children. Functionalists, on the other hand, seem unable to see this and believe that the education system can only do well to children by teaching them norms and values. Functionalists where criticized because as Marxists say, education system is not meritocrat ic as there are the influence of class, ethnicity and gender.

Penguin Facts

Penguins (Aptenodytes, Eudyptes, Eudyptula Pygoscelis, Spheniscus, and Megadyptes species, all in the Spheniscidae family) are perennially popular birds: chubby, tuxedo-clad creatures that waddle charmingly across the rocks and ice floes and belly flop into the sea. They are native to oceans in the southern hemisphere and in the Galapagos Islands. Fast Facts: Penguins Scientific Name: Aptenodytes, Eudyptes, Eudyptula Pygoscelis, Spheniscus, MegadyptesCommon Name: PenguinBasic Animal Group: Bird  Ã‚  Size: range from 17–48 inchesWeight: 3.3–30 poundsLifespan: 6–30 yearsDiet:  CarnivoreHabitat: Oceans in the southern hemisphere and the Galapagos IslandsConservation Status: Five species are listed as Endangered, five are Vulnerable, three are Near Threatened. Description Penguins are birds, and although they may not look like our other feathered friends, they are, indeed, feathered. Because they spend so much of their lives in the water, they keep their feathers slicked down and waterproofed. Penguins have a special oil gland, called a preen gland, that produces a steady supply of waterproofing oil. A penguin uses its beak to apply the substance to its feathers regularly. Their oiled feathers help keep them warm in the frigid waters, and also reduce drag when theyre swimming. Although penguins have wings, they cant fly at all. Their wings are flattened and tapered and look and function more like dolphin fins than bird wings. Penguins are efficient divers and swimmers, built like torpedoes, with wings designed for propelling their bodies through the water instead of air. Of all the recognized species of penguins, the largest is the Emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), which can grow to four feet in height and 50–100 pounds in weight. The smallest is the little penguin (Eudyptula minor) which grows to an average 17 inches in length and weighs about 3.3 pounds. Jurgen Christine Sohns/Getty Images Habitat Dont travel to Alaska if youre looking for penguins. There are 19 described species of penguins on the planet, and all but one of them lives below the equator. Despite the common misconception that all penguins live among the icebergs of the Antarctic, thats not true, either. Penguins live on every continent in the Southern Hemisphere, including Africa, South America, and Australia. Most inhabit islands where they arent threatened by large predators. The only species that lives north of the equator is the Galapagos penguin (Spheniscus mendiculus), which, in line with its name, resides in the Galapagos Islands. Diet Most penguins feed on whatever they manage to catch while swimming and diving. Theyll eat any marine creature they can catch and swallow: fish, crabs, shrimp, squid, octopus, or krill. Like other birds, penguins dont have teeth and cant chew their food. Instead, they have fleshy, backward-pointing spines inside their mouths, and they use these to guide their prey down their throats. An average-sized penguin eats two pounds of seafood per day during the summer months. Krill, a small marine crustacean, is a particularly important part of the diet for young penguin chicks. One long-term study of the diet of gentoo penguins found that breeding success was directly related to how much krill they ate. Penguin parents forage for krill and fish at sea and then travel back to their chicks on land to regurgitate the food into their mouths. Macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolphus) are specialist feeders; they depend on krill alone for their nutrition. Ger Bosma/Getty Images Behavior Most penguins swim between 4–7 mph underwater, but the zippy gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) can propel itself through the water at 22 mph. Penguins can dive hundreds of feet deep, and stay submerged for as long as 20 minutes. And they can launch themselves out of the water like porpoises to avoid predators below the surface or to return to the surface of the ice. Birds have hollow bones so theyre lighter in the air, but a penguins bones are thicker and heavier. Just as a SCUBA divers use weights to control their buoyancy, a penguin relies on its beefier bones to counteract its tendency to float. When they need to make a quick escape from the water, penguins release air bubbles trapped between their feathers to instantly decrease drag and increase speed. Their bodies are streamlined for speed in the water. Reproduction and Offspring Nearly all penguin species practice monogamy, meaning a male and female mate exclusively with each other for the breeding season. Some even remain partners for life. The male penguin usually finds itself a nice nesting site before attempting to court a female. Most species produce two eggs at a time, but emperor penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri, the largest of all the penguins) raise just one chick at a time. The emperor penguin male takes sole responsibility for keeping their egg warm by holding it on his feet and under his folds of fat, while the female journeys to the sea for food. Penguin eggs are incubated between 65 and 75 days, and when they are ready to hatch, the chicks use their beaks to break the shell, a process which can take up to three days. Chicks  weigh about 5–7 ounces at birth.  When chicks are small, one adult remains with the nest while the other forages. The parent tends to the chicks, keeping them warm until their feathers develop in about 2 months, and feeding them regurgitated food, a period which varies between 55 and 120 days. Penguins reach sexual maturity between three and eight years of age. Sylvain Cordie/Getty Images Conservation Status Five species of penguins are already classified as endangered (Yellow-eyed, Galapagos, Erect Crested, African, and Northern Rockhopper), and most of the remaining species are vulnerable or near threatened, according to the International Union for Conservation of Natures Red List. The African penguin (Spheniscus demersus) is the most endangered species on the list.   Threats Scientists warn that penguins worldwide are threatened by climate change, and some species may soon disappear. Penguins rely on food sources that are sensitive to changes in ocean temperatures, and dependent on polar ice. As the planet warms, the sea ice melting season lasts longer, impacting krill populations and penguin habitat. Sources Barbraud, Christophe, and Henri Weimerskirch. Emperor Penguins and Climate Change. Nature 411.6834 (2001): 183–86. Print.BirdLife International. Spheniscus demersus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T22697810A132604504, 2018.Bradford, Alina. Penguin Facts: Species Habitat. Live Science, September 22, 2014.Cole, Theresa L., et al. Ancient DNA of Crested Penguins: Testing for Temporal Genetic Shifts in the World’s Most Diverse Penguin Clade. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 131 (2019): 72–79. Print.Davis, Lloyd S. and John T. Darby (eds.). Penguin Biology. London: Elsevier, 2012.  Elliott, Kyle H., et al. High Flight Costs, but Low Dive Costs, in Auks Support the Biomechanical Hypothesis for Flightlessness in Penguins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110.23 (2013): 9380–84. Print.Lynch, Heather J., William F. Fagan, and Ron Naveen. Population Trends and Reproductive Success at a Frequently Visited Penguin Colony on the Weste rn Antarctic Peninsula. Polar Biology 33.4 (2010): 493–503. Print.Lynch, H. J., and M. A. LaRue. First Global Census of the Adà ©lie Penguin. The Auk: Ornithological Advances 131.4 (2014): 457–66. Print.Species Profile for African penguin (Spheniscus demersus). ECOS Environmental Conservation Online System, 2010.Threats to Penguins, Defenders of Wildlife.Waluda, Claire M., et al. Long-Term Variability in the Diet and Reproductive Performance of Penguins at Bird Island, South Georgia. Marine Biology 164.3 (2017): 39. Print.Waters, Hannah. 14 Fun Facts About Penguins. Smithsonian, April 25, 2013.